Abstract
Lignin has progressively established itself as a sustainable and versatile catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in the formation of C–C bonds. It can be used in its acidic form or as a support for metal ions and nanoparticles, facilitating key transformations such as condensations, Michael additions, and Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. This demonstrates an even greater potential for integration into sustainable catalytic strategies. Its heterogeneous nature, low cost, lignocellulosic origin, and easy recovery consolidate it as an ecological and efficient alternative, capable of inspiring the design of new biomass-based catalytic systems.
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