Keywords
palladium
iron
cobalt
porphyrin
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Abstract
The oxidation of olefins to carbonyl compounds, commonly referred to as the Wacker reaction, represents a key transformation for accessing numerous high-value products and intermediates. Historically, this reaction has relied on palladium-based catalysts. However, the extremely low abundance of palladium in the Earth’s crust, its high cost, and the geopolitical issues associated with its extraction have driven the search for more sustainable alternatives. This article provides an overview of recent developments aimed at replacing palladium with iron- and cobalt-based catalysts, which rely on more abundant and economically accessible metals.
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