ABI+D+i methodology, from high school to university with low-cost graphene.

Abstract

This work presents the ABI+D+i methodology (Research-Based Learning with Development and innovation) applied to a real case: an experimental inquiry project born in the school laboratory and extended to university level, centred on the production of graphene through a low-cost liquid-phase physical exfoliation method and its placement onto metallic substrates by flotation, validated through characterisation (SEM, Raman) and thermal-conductivity tests (+130% in graphene-coated aluminium). The case also includes a dedicated nomenclature (graphenization and graphenation), with morphological grounding in both Spanish and English. The project's peer-to-peer transfer to a network of secondary schools confirms the scalability of the methodology and its capacity to awaken scientific vocations